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The Romanian military cemetery in Soultzmatt

Le cimetière militaire roumain de Soultzmatt. © ECPAD

 

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Situated in the Val du Pâtre, Soultzmatt military cemetery is the largest Romanian necropolis in France. This emblematic Romanian heritage site contains the remains of 678 soldiers who died in captivity between 1914 and 1918, most of them due to ill-treatment, malnutrition and exhaustion. In 1916-17, these prisoners of the German army were used to build roads and shelters in various locations. In 1920, the village of Soultzmatt, spared by the war, donated the land needed to bring together these soldiers, dispersed around more than thirty-five Alsatian towns and villages, to Romania. In 1927, King Ferdinand and Queen Mary of Romania attended the inauguration of the cemetery, marking the traditional friendship between France and Romania.

Three marble plaques bear inscriptions dedicated to the sacrifice of the Romanian prisoners: the first one referring to the agony suffered by all the prisoners, who died of “hunger, destitution and torture”, the second one to the tremendous work done by the Romanian monuments committee in Alsace, tasked in 1919 with bringing together the graves dispersed throughout the towns and villages of Alsace, and the third one bearing Queen Mary’s inscription honouring the memory of those who “far from your country for which you sacrificed yourselves, rest in glory”.

Today, the bodies of three thousand Romanians still rest in several national necropolises such as Strasbourg-Cronenbourg (Bas-Rhin), Effry (Aisne), Hirson (Aisne) and Dieuze (Moselle).

 

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Soultzmatt

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Dannemarie French national war cemetery

La nécropole nationale de Dannemarie. © Guillaume Pichard

 

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The national war cemetery of Dannemarie contains the bodies of soldiers who died for France during the Battle of the Frontiers in Haute-Alsace in the summer of 1914, or who dies from their wounds in the ambulances of Dannemarie. Established inside the communal cemetery, this war cemetery was expanded from 1922 to 1924, to bring together the bodies exhumed from temporary military cemeteries such as Gildwiller or Moosch. Nearly 400 soldiers are buried there, 250 in individual graves and 139 divided among two ossuaries. Alongside them is a French soldier who died for France during World War II.  Among these soldiers are buried Commander Antoine Gillot, one of the first French soldiers to die at the beginning of the Second World War on 8 November 1939, and who was buried in the same grave as his brother, Captain Pierre Gillot, who died in 1917. At the entrance to the war cemetery stands a monument to commemorate the dead.

 

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Dannemarie
À 30 km au sud-ouest de Mulhouse. En ville, vers la gare (suivre le fléchage)

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Altkirch National Cemetery

Nécropole nationale d’Altkirch. © Guillaume Pichard

 

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Altkirch National Cemetery holds the remains of soldiers who died for France during the Alsace offensive in August 1914 and during the Campaign for France in June 1940. Established in 1920 for the graves of soldiers who had been buried throughout the Belfort-Altkirch region and southeast of Mulhouse, it was developed until 1935. Covering 5,153 sqm, the cemetery holds the mortal remains of 1,734 French soldiers, including 139 in two ossuaries, together with 15 Russian soldiers from the First World War. 36 French soldiers killed in 1940 also lie at rest here.

 


 

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Altkirch

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The Mulhouse National Cemetery "Tiefengraben" "Les Vallons"

La nécropole nationale de Mulhouse. © ECPAD

 

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Located in an area called Tiefengraben – Les Vallons, the Mulhouse national cemetery holds the remains of soldiers mainly killed in the Battle of Alsace (1944-1945). Further developed from 1949 onwards, this cemetery holds the bodies of French soldiers, prisoners of war and conscripts of the compulsory work service (STO) killed in Germany and Austria. Today, it holds the bodies of 1,675 French and foreign soldiers, including Jeannine Bancaud (plot A2, grave 44). 265 French soldiers killed in the Great War, including 107 whose identities are unknown, are buried in an ossuary here. 35 Romanians and 7 Russians who died while imprisoned in German camps are buried alongside them. Several monuments and plaques honour the memory of these soldiers.

 

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Mulhouse
À la sortie de Mulhouse, en direction de Altkirch, suivre l'itinéraire "Les Vallons"

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Summary

Accès :


 

Eléments remarquables

Monument aux morts du 35e Régiment d'Infanterie tombés au combat de Dornach le 19 août 1914 - Stèle aux sous-officiers morts pour la France - Plaque commémorative aux morts de la 9e DIC, 1944-45

The Cernay national cemetery

La nécropole nationale de Cernay. © ECPAD

 

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The Cernay national cemetery holds the bodies of soldiers who were killed during the battles of Vieil-Armand and Steinbach during the summer of 1914. Created in 1920, this site was developed up until 1936 in order to welcome the bodies exhumed from temporary military cemeteries located in the Hartmannswillerkopf, to the south of Thann and to the north of Mulhouse.

In 1932 it was chosen to hold the bodies of Czech soldiers exhumed from the cemeteries of Choloy (54) and the Vosges.

After the Second World War, this cemetery was reorganised in order to bring together the bodies of 1,045 French soldiers and prisoners-of-war from the Haut-Rhin, Germany and Austria who died for France between 1940 and 1945. The bodies of 2,238 Frenchmen including 1,300 in individual graves, 45 Czechs, 19 Russians, one Briton and one Serbian lie here. Two ossuaries contain the mortal remains of 938 soldiers. During the First World War, nearly 25,000 French soldiers died on the slopes of the Hartmannswillerkopf, also known as the "Mangeur d'hommes" (Man-eater) or "Montagne de la Mort" (Mountain of Death).

 

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Cernay
À 10 km à l'ouest de Mulhouse. À la sortie de Cernay, en direction de la route des Crêtes et de Vieil-Armand

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Summary

Eléments remarquables

Monument aux morts tchécoslovaques, 1914-1918

Hartmannswillerkopf National Cemetery Vieil-Armand-Silberboch

La nécropole nationale du Hartmannswillerkopf Vieil-Armand-Silberboch. © Guillaume Pichard

 

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Located in Wattwiller, Harmannswillerkopf National Cemetery lies on the site of positions held by the 28th Chasseurs battalion in December 1914. It holds the remains of soldiers who died for France during the 1914-1918 war. Established between 1921 and 1926, it contains bodies exhumed from the battlefields or from the military cemeteries in Wattwiller, Steinbach, Uffoltz and Willer, as well as to the south of Thann and La Doller. 1,640 soldiers are buried here, including 384 unidentified bodies buried in 6 ossuaries.

In front of the cemetery stands the National Monument containing the bodies of nearly 12,000 unknown French soldiers in an ossuary built into a crypt, together with three chapels - Catholic, Protestant and Jewish.

Above the monument, there is the Altar of La Patrie. On its sides it bears the names of the cities which donated money to build the memorial. On either side of the entrance to the monument, two bronze Winged Victory statues stand guard, the work of sculptor Antoine Bourdelle. The memorial is overlooked by the summit of HWK, where many reminders of the battles that took place here in 1915 are conserved, and which to this day remains a cemetery open to the sky.

 

 

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1, rue Camille Schlumberger 68000
Colmar

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D'octobre à mai

Moosch national war cemetery

La nécropole nationale de Moosch. © ECPAD

 

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Created in 1920, the national war cemetery of Moosch contains the bodies of soldiers who died for France in Haute-Alsace between 1914 and 1916. Expanded until 1935 to include the remains of bodies exhumed from temporary military cemeteries of the valleys of Thur and Doller.

Among these soldiers, lies Richard Nelvill Hall. This American volunteer was killed on Christmas Eve 1915 by shellfire, while driving his ambulance and carrying out a new round on the slopes of Hartmannswillerkopf. He was posthumously awarded the Croix de Guerre. The body of General Serret, commander of the 66th Infantry Division (DI) died on 6 January 1916 from wounds sustained on Hartmannswillerkopf, is also buried in this war cemetery. In total, nearly 25,000 soldiers died on the slopes of Hartmannswillerkopf, 12,000 of which were French.

 

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Moosch

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Eléments remarquables

Tombe du général Serret, chef de la 66e division alpine, mort pour la France le 6 janvier 1916

The Sondernach national cemetery

La nécropole nationale de Sondernach. © Guillaume Pichard

 

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Situated at the Bois de Maettle, the Sondernach national cemetery holds the bodies of soldiers killed during the fighting in the Vosges during the First World War. It brings together 374 Frenchmen in individual graves, including a "maquisard" (member of the Resistance) killed in November 1944. Created in 1920, it was developed between 1924 and 1929 in order to hold mortal remains that were initially buried on the battlefield or in small temporary military cemeteries in the area. Today, the stained-glass windows of the church at Emm are a reminder of these violent combats. Built by Father Martin Béhé, this church is a memorial to those who fell for the liberation of the Alsace region in 1914. A stained-glass window and two plaques honour the memory of the 152th infantry regiment (RI) and the 28th and 68th "chasseur alpins" (mountain infantrymen) battalions (BCA) who fell in the Munster valley or in the Vosges mountains.

 

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Sondernach
À 30 km au sud-ouest de Colmar. À la sortie du village, vers la route des crêtes (balise indicatrice)

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"Chêne Millet" National Cemetery in Metzeral

La nécropole nationale du "Chêne Millet" à Metzeral. © ECPAD

 

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Located in the place known as Le Chêne Millet, the Metzeral National Cemetery holds the remains of soldiers who died for France during the battles that took place in the Vosges during the First World War. The site is named after the painter Jean-François Millet (1814-1875) who, in 1868, visited the industrialist and Mayor of Munster, Frédéric Hartmann.

In remembrance of the soldiers who fought in 1915 in the battles for Metzeral, Rechakerkopf, the Sillacker, the Braunkopf and the Linge, 2,630 French soldiers are buried in this cemetery, of whom 855 lie in an ossuary. Established in 1920, the cemetery was developed up until 1924 to accommodate the remains exhumed from over sixty cemeteries in neighbouring towns.

In the centre of the cemetery there stands an ossuary monument dedicated to the Chasseurs Alpins (Alpine Hunters) of the 66th French Infantry Division, who distinguished themselves in the battles for the Linge and Metzeral in 1915. The Chasseurs battalions lost up to 80% of their men, paying a heavy price in these "battles for observation posts", fought to win strategic objectives and so be in a position to observe movements across the Rhine valley. The mountain range has since become known as "Le tombeau des Chasseurs" (the graveyard of the Alpine Hunters). Many of them are buried in this cemetery.

Not far from here, the summit of the Linge, together with its fortified engineering works, have been listed as historic monuments since 1982.

 

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Metzeral
À 25 km au sud-ouest de Colmar. À la sortie de la ville, en direction de Mittlach (suivre le fléchage)

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Colmar National Cemetery

La nécropole nationale de Colmar. © Guillaume Pichard

 

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Colmar National Cemetery contains the graves of French soldiers killed in combat in June 1940 and in 1944/1945. Built in 1958 and further developed up until 1960, this site is a cemetery that groups together in the same location the remains of soldiers initially buried in the makeshift military cemeteries located in the Moselle, Meuse, Vosges, Bas-Rhin and Belfort regions of France. Today, the cemetery contains the bodies of 2,278 soldiers, 1,768 of whom were killed between 1940 and 1945, as well as the bodies of 8 French deportees, 17 forced labourers and 65 prisoners of war, including 11 Poles. The bodies of 510 French soldiers killed at battles in the Vosges region during the First World War have been transferred to this cemetery. Close to this cemetery is a German cemetery, where the bodies of 868 soldiers killed from 1914-1918 are buried.

 

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Colmar
Rue Ladhof (vers la sortie de Colmar, en direction de Strasbourg)

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