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Sainte-Croix-aux-Mines National Cemetery

La nécropole nationale de Sainte-Croix-aux-Mines. © ECPAD

 

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In this region of France, position warfare raged and was tailored to the lie of the land. The soldiers dug out bunkers and built specific transport networks (funicular, cable cars, railways) as well as telephone and telegraph communications networks. Unable to dislodge the enemy, each soldier resorted to mine warfare, which lasted throughout the war.

Located on Hajus Hill, Sainte-Croix-aux-Mines National Cemetery contains the bodies of 248 French soldiers, including 122 unknown soldiers buried in two ossuaries (45 and 77 soldiers respectively), and two Russian prisoners (graves 109 and 110). Most of these men were killed during the offensives of August to October 1914.  In 1935, the graves of soldiers buried in the municipal cemeteries of Aubure and Lièpvre were moved to this site.

Four bodies of people killed during the Second World War are buried here. Three of them are soldiers killed in June 1940 and the other is a member of the resistance movement, François Artz (grave 46), who was shot dead by occupying troops in November 1944.

Close by is a German cemetery, which was built in December 1916, and which contains the graves of 1,036 people who were killed during the Great War and 136 during the Second World War.

 

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Sainte-Croix-aux-Mines

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Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines National Cemetery

La nécropole nationale de Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines. © ECPAD

 

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In this region of France, position warfare raged and was tailored to the lie of the land. The soldiers dug out bunkers and built specific transport networks (funicular, cable cars, railways) as well as telephone and telegraph communications networks. Unable to dislodge the enemy, each soldier resorted to mine warfare, which lasted throughout the war.

Built in 1920 to accommodate the bodies of those initially buried in a makeshift cemetery in Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines, this National Cemetery, located at the Sainte-Marie Pass (Col Sainte-Marie), is now home to 230 French soldiers, 182 of whom are buried in an ossuary.  These men, who were awarded the ‘Morts pour la France’ (Died for France) distinction, were killed during the battles in the Vosges Mountains between 1914 and 1918.

 

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Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines
À 35 km au nord-ouest de Colmar, prendre le col de Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines, puis suivre le fléchage

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The Bertrimoutier national cemetery

La nécropole nationale de Bertrimoutier. © ECPAD

 

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Adjacent to a German cemetery, the Bertrimoutier cemetery holds 933 French soldiers, 12 Russians and a Romanian who died during the fighting in the Vosges at Le Violu, Ban-de-Laveline and Spitzemberg in 1914-1918. Created in 1921, this cemetery was developed in 1924 in order to bring together the bodies exhumed from the military cemeteries at Lesseux, Provenchères and Le Violu. The commune of Bertrimoutier was awarded the 1914-1918 Croix de Guerre (War Cross).

 

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Bertrimoutier
À 90 km au sud-est de Nancy, à la sortie de Bertrimoutier, sur la D 23

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The Saulcy-sur-Meurthe national cemetery

La nécropole nationale de Saulcy-sur-Meurthe

 

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Adjacent to a German cemetery, the Saulcy-sur-Meurthe national cemetery holds 2,565 French soldiers, of whom 1,174 were buried in two ossuaries, 11 Russians and a Romanian who died during the fighting in the Vosges and in the Gérardmer hospitals in 1914-1918. Created in 1921, this cemetery was developed up until 1935 in order to bring together the bodies exhumed from temporary military cemeteries located in the Col du Bonhomme, Col de la Schlucht, Gérardmer, Mandray and Valtin.

René Fonck, the famous Great War aviator, was from Saulcy-sur-Meurthe. The man nicknamed the French "ace of aces" was officially attributed with 75 victories and single-handedly shot down 142 enemy aircraft.

At the entrance to the cemetery is a plaque to commemorate the eight American soldiers from the 411th infantry regiment of the US Army who died on 22 November 1944 at Saulcy-sur-Meurthe and who are today buried at the American cemetery in Epinal.

 

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Saulcy-sur-Meurthe
À 100 km au sud-est de Nancy (par la RN 415). À la sortie sud du village sur la D 58a

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Eléments remarquables

Monument aux morts, 1914-1918

‘Les Tiges’ National Cemetery at Saint-Dié des Vosges

La nécropole nationale "Les Tiges". © ECPAD

 

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In 1914, after being evacuated by the Germans, the region of Saint-Dié was the scene of violent battles for control of the mountains and the upper ground, which could be used as vantage points. The most violent battles were waged at the Tête-du-Violu, Tête-des-Faux, as well as at the Sainte-Marie-aux Mines, Bagenelles Bonhomme mountain passes. On 27 August 1914, the Germans took Saint-Dié.

Built in1920, ‘Les Tiges’ National Cemetery contains the bodies of 2,608 French soldiers, 1,182 of whom are buried in two ossuaries. After being further developed in 1924, this cemetery contains the bodies of soldiers killed during the Vosges Campaign, primarily during the battles of La Fontenelle and La Chipotte. These bodies were exhumed from makeshift military cemeteries in the surrounding areas. In 1927, a memorial to the soldiers of the 11th Infantry Regiment and the 51st Alpine Hunters Battalion killed in August 1914 was erected in the centre of the cemetery.

 

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Saint-Dié
À 80 km au sud-est de Nancy, sur la RN 420

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Eléments remarquables

Monument aux morts, 1914-18 -Stèle aux morts des 11e et 51e BCA tombés en août 1914

Villé French national war cemetery

La nécropole nationale de Villé. © ECPAD

 

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The national war cemetery of Villé contains the remains of soldiers who died for France during the battles that took place in the Vosges. Established in 1924, this cemetery gathers together the bodies of 281 French servicemen including 62 placed in individual graves. The remains of 219 servicemen were placed in an ossuary. Alongside these soldiers are also buried ten Russian prisoners, 9 of which were placed in an ossuary, and one British soldier.

 

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67507 Villé
À l’ouest de Saint-Dié, D 424, D 39

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Saales French national war cemetery

La nécropole nationale de Saales. © ECPAD

 

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The national war cemetery of Saales contains the bodies of soldiers who died for France during the fighting that took place during the summer of 1914, in vallée de la Bruche. Created and in 1921 and extended in 1924, this military cemetery brings together the bodies of 36 French soldiers who served with the 14th and 21st Army Corps. Ten of these soldiers were buried in individual graves and 26 were placed in an ossuary.

 

Containing the remains of French soldiers, the Saales war cemetery is characteristic of military cemeteries from the beginning of the First World War, and the treatment of the deceased soldiers. Indeed at that time, officers were usually buried in individual graves, while the troops were buried in mass graves. This principle lasted until 1915, but the use of individual graves was extended to all soldiers. The law of 29 December 1915 accorded all soldiers who died for France the right to be buried in an individual grave.

 

 

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Saales
Au nord-est de Saint-Dié, D 37, N 420

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Eléments remarquables

Monument aux morts 1914-1918

Ban-de-Sapt National Cemetery

La nécropole nationale de Ban-de-Sapt. © Guillaume Pichard

 

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Located in Ban-de-Sapt, La Fontenelle National Cemetery holds the remains of soldiers who died for France during the battles for La Fontenelle from 1914 to 1918. Established from 1921 to 1923, the cemetery also contains the bodies of soldiers from cemeteries in La Vercoste, Martignon, Huguenet, Floquet, La Croix de Gemainfaing, Hermanpaire, Denipaire and Celles-sur-Plaine. Covering 117,635 sqm, this cemetery holds the remains of nearly 1,400 soldiers, including over 400 in the ossuary. Following a public subscription launched in Vosges, a monument made of local pink sandstone and designed by the sculptor Emile-Just Bachelet, was erected on 15 August 1925 in memory of the soldiers of the Vosges.

 

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Ban-de-Sapt
Au nord de Saint-Dié, D 49

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Monument "Aux soldats des Vosges", 1914-1918

Senones National Cemetery

La nécropole nationale de Senones. © ECPAD

 

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Built in 1920 and further developed up until 1935, Senones National Cemetery is home to the bodies of 818 Germans, 795 French, 372 of whom are buried in two ossuaries, eleven Romanians, six Romanians and six Russians killed in the region of Upper Alsace After the Great War, the remains of soldiers buried in various makeshift cemeteries in the Senones, Ménil, Moyenmoutier, Petite-Raon and La Forain areas were moved to this cemetery.

The town of Senones found itself in the firing line between 1914 and 1918.  The heavy bombing caused huge destruction and many civilian casualties. Consequently, Senones was awarded the 1914-1918 War Cross.

 

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Senones
À 70 km au sud-est de Nancy, sur la RN 42

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Eléments remarquables

Croix monumentale, 1914-1918

Plaine French national war cemetery

La nécropole nationale de Plaine. © ECPAD

 

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The national war cemetery of Plaine contains the bodies of soldiers who died for France during the fighting that took place during the summer of 1914, in vallée de la Bruche and during the liberation of the Colmar Pocket (1944-1945).

Begun in 1919 then extended in 1924 to bring together the temporary cemeteries of Schirmeck, la Broque and Colroy-la-Roche, this war cemetery contains the bodies of 1,487 French soldiers, 214 of which were placed in individual graves. Among these men, 54 British soldiers and 33 Russians are buried, 17 of which in a common grave. The remains of 1,273 servicemen were placed in three ossuaries.

In 1954, the bodies of 138 soldiers who died during the Battle of France in 1940 or the liberation of Plaine 1944-1945 were brought there.

In 1923, an equestrian statue of Joan of Arc was erected in the centre of the cemetery. Under the Nazi occupation, to avoid it being destroyed, this monument was buried in the cemetery and then reinstalled to its original location after the Liberation.

 

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Plaine

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Eléments remarquables

Monument équestre de Jeanne d'Arc commémorant le sacrifice des morts de la Grande Guerre